Under Article 23(2) of the LabourProclamation No. 1156/2011 , an employment contract in Ethiopia may be terminated in four primary ways: At the Initiative of the Employer At the Initiative of the Employee In Accordance with the Law By Agreement While these four methods are explicitly recognized, the Proclamation allows for limited exceptions where termination may occur outside these categories. This article explores these primary methods, exceptions, and their legal implications, drawing on relevant provisions, judicial interpretations, and international standards. Primary Methods of Termination 1. At the Initiative of the Employer Termination by the employer, often referred to as dismissal, is the most significant and contentious method in Ethiopian labor law. It encompasses dismissals with or without notice, depending on the grounds. Article 26 outlines lawful grounds for dismissal, such as misconduct or poor performance, while Article 28 addresses ...